With the anti-inflammatory, anti-allergic and anti-itching effects, it can inhibit bronchial exudate, eliminate bronchial mucosal swelling, and relieve bronchospasmĪdult: packaged in a single-dose vial, administered via a nebulizer, one vial per time, once to twice per day. It can treat asthma and improve bronchial obstruction. Mild throat irritation, pyrexia, sinusitis, pain, pharyngitis, bronchospasm, bronchitis, and headache It is contraindicated in patients who are allergic to budesonide or any other ingredient Others: the conventional dose is 1–2 mg bid, dose and dosing frequency can be adjusted according to the specific situation AECOPD: it can replace or partially replace systemic hormones for no more than 8 mg per day. Treat bronchial asthma, rapidly reduce inflammation, relieve airway mucosal edema, and improve wheezing signs and lung functionĪcute asthma attack: 1–2 mg intermittently (every 20 minutes) or continuous nebulization over the first hour, followed by nebulization as needed it can replace or partially replace systemic hormones, at a dose of no more than 8 mg per day. Also, the efficacy and adverse reactions should be evaluated and treated promptly during and after the treatment, and the treatment protocol should be adjusted accordingly. However, in cases when it is deemed necessary, nebulization therapy may be administered concomitantly with the stabilization of the vital signs. After the vital signs are stabilized, nebulization therapy may be considered. If a patient is in state of, or shows the sign of unconsciousness or coma, or stupor with superficial breathing, no aortic pulsation, no breathing or abnormal breathing, cyanosis, poor or lack of pain sensation reflex, lack of vomiting reflex or cough reflex, it is essential to stabilize vital signs first and perform advanced life support measures such as cardiopulmonary resuscitation, endotracheal intubation and mechanical ventilation as needed. We hope to provide theoretical and practical guidance on nebulization use in emergency medicine, thus improving treatment and eventually benefiting more patients.īasic principles for nebulization therapy in pre-hospital and in-hospital emergency careĪlthough it is an effective treatment measure, nebulization therapy can only be conducted when a patient’s safety Is ensured first. In order to answer the call for national “Guidance on establishing a platform for pre-hospital and in-hospital emergency care”, and to further promote nebulization therapy use and facilitate the development of an integrated platform for pre-hospital and in-hospital emergency care, the Emergency Medicine Branch of Chinese Medical Doctor Association, Emergency Medical Specialized Committee of PLA, Beijing Emergency Medicine Association and the Chinese Emergency Medicine Consortium conducted multiple rounds of consultation and discussion with experts in the field and developed this consensus statement. However, there are no standards for the application of nebulization therapy in pre-hospital and in-hospital emergency care in China, and the utilization rate is far from clinically needs ( 9). Nebulization therapy fulfills the needs of pre-hospital and in-hospital emergency care, which calls for rapid, effective, safe, easy to use, and widely applicable remedies, hence deserving further exploration and promotion. It plays an essential role in emergency care with conditions including acute asthma attacks, acute exacerbation of the chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, acute laryngeal obstruction, acute respiratory infection, respiratory distress syndrome, severe pneumonia, acute respiratory failure, aspiration-induced lung injury, and endotracheal intubation. Nebulization therapy is suitable for most patients, including children, elderly, patients on mechanical ventilation, with a cognitive disorder or are unable to use other inhalation devices ( 7, 8). It has several advantages, such as the rapid onset of action, proved efficacy, good safety profile, and is widely used in many respiratory diseases. Nebulization therapy has a unique and vital position in the treatment of respiratory diseases. Respiratory diseases and symptoms constitute a large part of the cases ( 1, 3- 6). Emergency patients typically present with sudden onset and complex symptoms, the cause is often unclear, and many of the patients are elderly, children, or in critical conditions ( 1, 2).
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